Medical Disclaimer

1. Extreme Cold and Physiological Response

Immersion in the waters of Turnagain Arm (typically 33°F to 48°F) triggers immediate and profound physiological changes. These reactions can be fatal for individuals with underlying medical conditions:

• Cold Shock Response: The sudden dropping of skin temperature causes an involuntary gasp reflex. If your head is underwater, you will inhale water. It also triggers hyperventilation and a massive spike in heart rate and blood pressure.
• Cardiac Arrhythmias: The combination of cold shock, hyperventilation, and physical exertion can trigger severe cardiac arrhythmias, heart attacks, or sudden cardiac arrest—even in relatively fit individuals with undetected heart conditions.
• Hypothermia: Prolonged exposure leads to core temperature drops, resulting in loss of manual dexterity, confusion, and eventually unconsciousness.

2. Physical Fitness and Conditioning

Bore tide surfing requires high cardiovascular endurance, heavy paddling capability, upper body strength, and the ability to swim long distances in heavy current under stress. Do not attempt to surf or stand in these conditions if you suffer from:

• Cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, or a history of heart palpitations.
• Respiratory diseases such as asthma or COPD.
• Cold allergy, Raynaud's phenomenon, or circulation disorders.
• Seizure disorders, epilepsy, or conditions causing sudden loss of consciousness.
• Significant fatigue, physical exhaustion, or dehydration.

3. First Aid and Emergency Limitation

Should you experience symptoms of mild hypothermia (shivering, slurred speech, clumsy hands) or exhaustion, seek shelter, dry clothing, and warmth immediately. If emergency services are required, call 911. Be aware that response times on Turnagain Arm can be delayed due to remote locations and difficult tide conditions.